Cell Biology Respiration: Oxygen, gas exchange, and energy release by Kenrick Vezina Reading Quiz Teach with this 1. All air-breathing vertebrates have lungs. true false 2. Cells use combustion to release energy from fuel. true false 3. For air-breathing organisms, higher concentrations of oxygen are always better. true false 4. What causes oxygen and other gases to diffuse from areas of higher concentration toward areas of lower concentration? The force of gravity on individual molecules. The rotational force of the earth spinning. The electromagnetic repulsion between individual molecules. The random motion of individual molecules. 5. What is adenosine triphosphate's (ATP's) role in the cell? ATP captures the energy released during respiration in its chemical structure. ATP is a byproduct of respiration. ATP acts as a fuel for respiration. ATP captures the energy released during combustion in its chemicals structure. 6. In terms of moving oxygen around the body, what's the primary difference between vertebrate blood and insect hemolymph? Vertebrate blood is contained in vessels (e.g. veins, arteries). Vertebrate blood contains hemoglobin. Hemolymph is only found in lymph nodes. Hemolymph is water-based. 7. What roles do the human pulmonary system (lungs) and cardio-circulatory system (heart and blood) play in terms of oxygen absorption and transport? Blood absorbs oxygen into the body, and the lungs release excess carbon dioxide. The heart pumps air in and out of the lungs, the blood carries oxygen. Lungs absorb oxygen into the blood and blood carries it throughout the body. Lungs absorb oxygen; blood absorbs carbon dioxide. 8. Which of the following do all types of lungs and gills have in common? They have large surface areas relative to volume. They have large volume relative to surface area. They pump fresh water/air in and out. They don't work unless an animal is moving (e.g. swimming or walking). 9. Anaerobic respiration occurs in __________. muscle cells that have temporarily run out of oxygen, such as during a high-intensity workout. some bacteria and archaea cells. some yeast (fungi) cells. all of the above 10. An ocean sponge is able to meet its gas exchange needs by letting gasses diffuse directly into and out of its body as it sits on a reef. This isn't possible for a large, slow-moving fish like a basking shark. Which of the following is a reason why? Because the sponge doesn't need to release carbon dioxide, but the shark does. Because of the shark is too large for oxygen absorbed through its skin to penetrate its deeper tissues. Because the sponge secretes a special chemical that dissolves oxygen in the water around it. Because the shark swims too quickly to absorb enough oxygen through its skin. Score Quiz
