The Silicate Minerals

Further Exploration

Silicon

James Calvert, Univ. of Denver - A comprehensive look at silicon, the element, including its incorporation into minerals, seawater, electronics, and building materials.

The Silicate Class

Amethyst Mineral Gallery - A comprehensive look at all of the silicate structures, including example minerals with chemical formulas and photographs.

X-Ray Crystallography

Wikipedia - A description of XRD and the history of its discovery.

Biography

Edgar Fahs Smith Collection, U. of Penn. Library

Jons Jakob Berzelius

Edgar Fahs Smith Collection, U. of Penn. Library

William Henry Bragg

William Lawrence Bragg

Classics

The Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals

Lawrence Bragg - 1915 Nobel Lecture

News & Events

Synthetic Clay Could Assist Radioactive Waste Cleanup

ScienceDaily

Research

Silicate-Based Molecular Nanotechnology

Stephen L. Gillett, Univ. of Nevada - A comparison of silicon- and carbon-based chemistry and the potential applications in nanotechnology.

Google Scholar

Google - Research database allows searching of the scholarly literature.

Experiment!

How Waves Reveal the Atomic Structure of Crystals.

SUNY Stony Brook - An interactive exploration of X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)

Next Generation Science Standards: For States, By States

National Academies Press: A Framework for K-12 Science Education